International Standard Bible Encyclopedia

136

Pen

(`et, cheret; kalamos): The first writing was done on clay, wax, lead or stone tablets by scratching into the material with some hard pointed instrument. For this purpose bodkin...

137

Pence; Penny

pens.SeeMONEY.

138

Pencil

pen'-sil (Isa 44:13, margin "red ochre," the King James Version "line").See LINE; OCHRE, RED.

139

Pendant

pen'-dant (from French from Latin pendeo, "to hang"): Not in the King James Version. Twice in the Revised Version (British and American).(1) netiphoth (the King James Version "c...

140

Peniel

pe-ni'-el, pen'-i-el, pe'-ni-el (peni'el, "face of God"; Eidos theou): This is the form of the name inGe 32:30. In the next verse and elsewhere it appears as "Penuel." The name ...

141

Peninnah

pe-nin'-a (peninnah, "coral," "pearl"): Second wife of Elkanah, father of Samuel (1Sa 1:2,4).

142

Penknife

pen'-nif (Jer 36:23).SeePEN.

143

Penny

pen'-i (denarion; Latin denarius (which see)): the American Standard Revised Version (Mt 18:28;20:2,9,10,13, etc.) renders it by "shilling" except inMt 22:19;Mr 12:15andLu 20:24...

144

Pension

pen'-shun (1 Esdras 4:56, the King James Version "and he commanded to give to all that kept the city pensions and wages"; kleros, "allotted portion," usually (here certainly) of...

145

Pentateuch

pen'-ta-tuk:I. TITLE, DIVISION, CONTENTSII. AUTHORSHIP, COMPOSITION, DATE1. The Current Critical Scheme 2. The Evidence for the Current Critical Scheme(1) Astruc's Clue(2) Signs...

146

Pentateuch, The Samaritan

sa-mar'-i-tan:I. KNOWLEDGE OF SAMARITAN PENTATEUCH1. In Older Times2. Revived KnowledgeII. CODICES AND SCRIPT1. Nablus Roll2. The Script3. Peculiarities of Writing4. The Tarikh5...

147

Pentecost

pen'-te-kost:1. In the Old Testament:As the name indicates (pentekoste), this second of the great Jewish national festivals was observed on the 50th day, or 7 weeks, from the Pa...

148

Penuel

pe-nu'-el, pen'-u-el.SeePENIEL.

149

Penury

pen'-u-ri (machcor): InPr 14:23, with sense of "poverty," "want": "The talk of the lips tendeth only to penury." In the New Testament the word inLu 21:4(husterema) is in the Rev...

150

People

pe'-p'-l: In English Versions of the Bible represents something over a dozen Hebrew and Greek words. Of these, in the Old Testament, `am, is overwhelmingly the most common (abou...

151

Peor

pe'-or (ha-pe`or; Phogor):(1) A mountain in the land of Moab, the last of the three heights to which Balaam was guided by Balak in order that he might curse Israel (Nu 23:28). I...

152

Peraea

pe-re'-a (he Peraia, Peraios, Peraites):1. The Country:This is not a Scriptural name, but the term used by Josephus to denote the district to which the rabbis habitually refer a...

153

Perazim, Mount

per'-a-zim, pe-ra'-zim (har-peratsim): "Yahweh will rise up as in mount Perazim" (Isa 28:21). It is usually considered to be identical with BAAL-PERAZIM(which see), where David ...

154

Perdition

per-dish'-un (apoleia, "ruin" or "loss," physical or eternal): The word "perdition" occurs in the English Bible 8 times (Joh 17:12;Php 1:28;2Th 2:3;1Ti 6:9;Heb 10:39;2Pe 3:7;Re ...

155

Peres

pe'-rez.SeeMENE.

156

Peresh

pe'-resh (peresh, "dung"): Son of Machir, grandson of Manasseh through his Aramitish concubine (1Ch 7:14,16).

157

Perez-Uzza

pe-rez-uz'-za.SeeUZZA.

158

Perez; Pharez

pe'-rez, fa'-rez (perets, "breach"): One of the twins born to Judah by Tamar, Zerah's brother (Ge 38:29,30). In the King James VersionMt 1:3andLu 3:33, he is called "Phares," th...

159

Perfect; Perfection

pur'-fekt, per-fek'-shun (shalem, tamim; teleios, teleiotes):1. In the Old Testament:"Perfect" in the Old Testament is the translation of shalem, "finished," "whole," "complete,...

160

Perform

per-form' (Fr. parfournir, "to furnish completely," "to complete" "finish entirely"): In modern English, through a mistaken connection with "form," "perform" usually suggests an...

161

Perfume-Making

See CRAFTS, II, 14.

162

Perfume; Perfumer

pur'-ium, per-fum' (qeToreth qaTar literally, "incense"): The ancients were fond of sweet perfumes of all kinds (Pr 27:9), and that characteristic is still especially true of th...