ἄν,
conditional particle,
which cannot usually be separately translated in English, its force depending on the constructions which contain it (see further, LS, s.v.; WM, §xlii; M, Pr., 165 ff.; MM, VGT, s.v.).
1. In apodosis,
(i) c. indic, impf. or aor., expressing what would be or would have been if (εἰ c. impf., aor. or plpf.) some condition were or had been fulfilled: Lk 7:3917:6, Jo 5:46, Ga 1:10, Mt 12:724:43, I Co 2:8, Ac 18:14, I Jo 2:19, al. The protasis is sometimes understood (as also in cl.): Mt 25:27, Lk 19:23. In hypothetical sentences, expressing unreality, ἄν (as often in late writers, more rarely in cl.) is omitted: Jo 8:3915:24 19:11, Ro 7:7, Ga 4:15;
(ii) c. opt., inf., ptcp. (cl.; v. LS, s.v.; M, Int., §275; M, Pr., 167:4).
2. In combination with conditional, relative, temporal, and final words;
(i) as in cl., c. subj.,
(a) in protasis with εἰ, in Attic contr. ἐάν, q.v.;
(b) in conditional, relative, and temporal clauses (coalescing with ὅτε, ἐπεί, etc.; v.s. ὅταν, ἐπάν, etc.), ever, soever;
(α) c. pres., ἡνίκα, II Co 3:15; ὃς ἄν, Ro 9:15(LXX)16:2, al.; ὅσοι ἄν, Lk 9:5; ὡς ἄν, Ro 15:24 (M, Pr., 167);
(β) c. aor., ὃς ἄν, Mt 5:21, 22, 31; ἕως ἄν, until, Mt 2:13, Mk 6:10, al.; ὡς ἄν, as soon as (M, Pr., 167), I Co 11:34, Phl 2:23. On the freq. use of ἐάν for ἄν with the foregoing words, v.s. ἐάν;
(ii) in late Gk., when some actual fact is spoken of, c. indic.: ὅταν (q.v.); ὅπου ἄν, Mk 6:56 (M, Pr., 168); καθότι ἄν, Ac 2:454:35; ὡς ἄν, I Co 12:2.
3. in iterative construction, c. impf. and aor. indic. (M, Pr., 167): Ac 2:454:35, I Co 12:2.
4. c. optat., giving a potential sense to a question or wish: Ac 8:3126:29.
5. Elliptical constructions: εἰ μή τι ἄν (M, Pr., 169), I Co 7:5; ὡς ἄν, c. inf., as it were (op. cit. 167), II Co 10:9.