διαθήκη, -ης, ἡ
(< διατίθημι), [freq. in LXX, and nearly always for בְּרִית;]
1. as usually in cl., a disposition, testament, will (Plat., al.): Ga 3:15 (R, mg., but v. Lft., in l.), He 9:16, 17 (R, txt.; MM, Exp., xi,; Milligan, NTD, 75; Abbott, Essays, 107; Deiss., LAE, 341; but v. infr.).
2. As in LXX (for בְּרִית) = cl. συνθήκη, a convention, arrangement, covenant (exc. in the disputed cases mentioned above, always between God and man, "perhaps with the feeling that the δια- compound was more suitable than the συν- for a covenant with God---συνθ. might suggest equal terms," MM, Exp., l.c.): Ga 3:15 (R, txt., but v. supr., and cf. Thayer, s.v.), He 9:16, 17 (R, mg., Westc., in l.,; Hatch, Essays, 47; but v. supr.), Mt 26:28, Mk 14:24, Lk 1:72, Ac 3:257:8, Ro 11:27(LXX), II Co 3:14, Ga 3:17, He 7:228:6, ib. 9, 10(LXX)9:4, 15-17ib. 20(LXX)10:16(LXX), 2912:2413:20, Re 11:19; καινὴ δ., Mt 26:28, and Mk 14:24 (R, mg.), Lk 22:20, I Co 11:25, II Co 3:6, He 8:8(LXX)9:15; pl. Ro 9:4, Ga 4:24, Eph 2:12.†