bruth'-er-hood: The rare occurrence of the term (onlyZec 11:14and1Pe 2:17) in contrast with the abundant use of "brother," "brethren," seems to indicate that the sense of the vital relation naturally called for the most concrete expression: "the brethren." But in1Pe 2:17the abstract is used for the concrete. In the Old Testament the brotherhood of all Israelites was emphasized; but in the New Testament the brotherhood in Christ is a relation so much deeper and stronger as to eclipse the other.
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International Standard Bible Encyclopedia
The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, James Orr, General Editor, 1844–1913 edition.