αἴρω
Etym. epic and poet. ἀείρω q.v.
Etym. distinguish ἀρῶ from ἀ_ρῶ, contr. of ἀερῶ.
A. Act.
I. "to take up, raise, lift up", Il., etc.; αἴρειν βῆμα "to step, walk", Eur.; αἴρ. σημεῖον "to hoist" a signal, Xen.:—Pass. "to mount up, ascend", id=Xen.
2. often of armies and ships, αἴρ. τὰς ναῦς "to get" the fleet "under sail", Thuc.:—also intr. "to get under way, start, set out", ἆραι τῶι στρατῶι id=Thuc.;—so in Mid. and Pass., Hdt., etc.
II. "to bear, sustain", μόρον Aesch.; ἆθλον Soph.
III. "to raise up, exalt", Aesch.:—of passion, "to exalt, excite", ὑψοῦ αἴρειν θυμόν to grow excited, Soph.; αἴρειν θάρσος "to pluck up" courage, Eur., etc.: Pass., οὐκ ἤρθη νοῦν ἐς ἀτασθαλίην Simon.
2. "to raise by words, to extol, exaggerate", Eur., Dem.
IV. "to lift and take away, to remove", Aesch., etc.:—"to take off, kill", NTest.
B. Mid., with perf. pass. ἦρμαι, "to take up for oneself: to carry off, win, gain", κλέος Il.; ἀέθλια (of horses) id=Il.; κῦδος Hom.:—hence simply "to receive, get", ἕλκος ἀρέσθαι Il.; also, δειλίαν ἀρεῖ "wilt incur" a charge of cowardice, Soph.
II. "to take upon oneself, undergo, carry, bear", Il., etc.
2. "to undertake, begin", πόλεμον Thuc., etc.; φυγὴν ἀρέσθαι, Lat. fugam capere, Aesch.
III. "to raise up", σωτῆρά τινι Soph.: of sound, αἴρεσθαι φωνήν "to raise, lift up" one's voice, Ar.