ἐλαύνω
Etym. ἐλάω
I. Radic. sense: "to drive, drive on, set in motion", of driving flocks, Hom.; so aor. mid. ἠλασάμην Il.: often of chariots, "to drive", id=Il., Hdt.; also, ἐλ. ἵππον "to ride" it, id=Hdt.; ἐλ. νῆα "to row" it, Od.:—in this sense the acc. was omitted, and the Verb became intr., "to go in a chariot, to drive", μάστιξεν δ᾽ ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους) he whipped them "on", Il.; βῆ δ᾽ ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he "drove on" over the waves, id=Il.; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν "to travel" the night through, Od.; — "to ride", Hdt., etc.; "to march", id=Hdt.; "to row", Od.
b. in this intr. sense, it sometimes took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν "to sail" the calm sea, i. e. over it, id=Hdt.; ἐλαύνειν δρόμον "to run" a course, Ar.
2. "to drive away", like ἀπελαύνω, of stolen cattle, Hom., Xen.: —so in Mid., Hom.
3. "to drive away, expel", Il., Trag.
4. "to drive" to extremities, ἄδην ἐλόωσι πολέμοιο will "harass" him till he has had enough of war, Il.; ἄδην ἐλάαν κακότητος "shall persecute" him till he has had enough, Od.:—then in attic "to persecute, attack, harass", Soph., etc.
5. intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν, "they drove it" so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt.:—hence, "to push on, go on", Eur., Plat.
II. "to strike", ἐλάτηισιν πόντον ἐλαύνοντες, cf. Lat. remis impellere, Il.
2. "to strike" with a weapon, but never with a missile, id=Il.:— c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν ἔλασ᾽ ὦμον him "he struck" on the shoulder, id=Il.; χθόνα ἤλασε μετώπωι "struck" earth with his forehead, Od.
3. "to drive or thrust" through, δόρυ διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.; and in Pass. "to go through", id=Il.
III. in metaph. senses:
1. "to beat with" a hammer, Lat. ducere, to beat out metal, Il.; περὶ δ᾽ ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου around "he made" a fence "of beaten" tin, id=Il.
2. "to draw a line of" wall or a trench, Lat. ducere murum, Hom., etc.; τεῖχος ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐλήλαται the wall "has its" angles "carried down" to the river, Hdt.; ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν "to work one's way" down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il.; ὄρχον ἀμπελίδος ἐλ. "to draw" a line of vines, i. e. "plant" them "in line", Ar.
3. κολωιὸν ἐλαύνειν "to prolong" the brawl, Il.