σῶμα
Alt. σῶμα, ατος, τό,
Etym. deriv. uncertain
I. "the body" of a man: in Hom. always "the dead body, corpse, carcase", whereas "the living body" is δέμας.
2. "the living body", Hes., Hdt., attic; τὸ ς. σώζειν or -εσθαι to save one's "life", Dem., Thuc.; ἔχειν τὸ ς. κακῶς, ὡς βέλτιστα, to be in a bad, a good state of body, Xen.
3. "body", as opp. to the "soul" (ψυχή), Plat., etc.; τὰ τοῦ ς. ἔργα "bodily" labours, Xen.; τὰ εἰς τὸ ς. τιμήματα "bodily" punishments, Aeschin.
II. periphr., ἀνθρώπου σῶμα ῀ ἄνθρωπος, Hdt.; esp. in Trag., σῶμα θηρός ῀ ὁ θήρ, Soph., etc.:—often of slaves, ς. αἰχμάλωτα Dem., etc
III. generally, "a body", i. e. "any material substance", Plat., etc.
IV. "the whole body or mass" of a thing, ὑπὸ σώματι γῆς Aesch.; τὸ ς. τῆς πίστεως "the body" of the proof, Arist.