φθονέω
Alt. φθονέω,
Etym. φθόνος
I. "to bear ill-will or malice, bear a grudge, be envious or jealous", Il., Xen., etc.:—c. dat. pers., πτωχὸς πτωχῷ φθονέει Hes.; φθ. τινὶ εὖ πρήσσοντι "to envy" him for his good fortune, Hdt.; also c. dat. rei, "to feel envy" at a thing, Isocr.; ἐπί τινι Xen.:—c. dat. pers. et gen. rei, οὔ τοι ἡμιόνων φθονέω "I bear" thee no "grudge for" the mules, Od.; μή μοι φθονήσῃς τοῦ μαθήματος Plat.:—c. gen. rei only, "to be grudging of" a thing, ἀλλοτρίων φθονέειν Od.
II. "to refuse" "to do a thing" "from envy or ill-will, to grudge" doing, c. inf., id=Od., Eur., etc.; μὴ φθονήσῃς "do not refuse", Lat. ne graveris, μὴ φθ. διδάξαι Plat.:—also c. acc. et inf., ἐφθόνησαν [οἱ θεοὶ] ἕνα ἄνδρα βασιλεῦσαι Hdt.;—also c. dat. et inf., τῇ δ᾽ οὐκ ἂν φθονέοιμι ἅψασθαι; Od.
III. Pass. "to be envied or begrudged", Lat. invideor, Hdt., Eur., etc.