χάρις
Alt. χά^ρις, ιος, ἡ,
Etym. χαίρω
"Grace", Lat. gratia:
I. "outward grace or favour" (as we say "well or ill favoured), grace, loveliness", Hom., etc.; τῷγε χάριν κατεχεύατ᾽ Ἀθήνη over him Athena shed "grace", Od.; of persons, pl. "graces, charms", id=Od., etc.:—more rarely of things, ἔργοισι χάριν καὶ κῦδος ὀπάζειν id=Od.; ἡ τῶν λόγων χ. Dem.
II. "grace or favour felt", whether on the part of the Doer or the Receiver:
1. on the part of the Doer, "grace, graciousness, kindness, goodwill", τινός "for or towards" one, Hes., Thuc., etc.
2. on the part of the Receiver, "the sense of favour" received, "thankfulness, thanks, gratitude", Il.; τινός "for" a thing, οὐδέ τίς ἐστι χάρις μετόπισθ᾽ εὐεργέων Od.; c. inf., οὔ τις χάρις ἦεν μάρνασθαι one has no "thanks for" fighting, Il.; χάριν εἰδέναι τινί to acknowledge "a sense of favour, feel grateful", id=Il., Hdt., attic:— χ. ἔχειν τινί τινος to feel "gratitude to" one "for" a thing, Hdt., attic; χ. ὀφείλειν to owe "gratitude", be beholden, Soph.; χάριν κατατίθεσθαί τινι to lay up a store of "gratitude" with a person, i. e. earn his "thanks", Hdt., etc.; χάριν λαμβάνειν τινός to receive "thanks from" one, Soph.; so, κτᾶσθαι χάριν id=Soph.; χ. κομίσασθαι Thuc.
3. "favour, influence", as opp. to force, χάριτι πλεῖον ἢ φόβῳ id=Thuc.
III. "a favour" done or returned, "a grace, kindness, boon", χάριν φέρειν τινί to confer "a favour" on one, "to please" him, do a thing "to oblige" him, Hom.; χάριν θέσθαι τινί Hdt., attic; so, χ. ὑπουργεῖν τινι Aesch.; παρασχεῖν Soph.; νέμειν id=Soph.; δοῦναι Aesch.:— χ. τίνειν to return "a favour", id=Aesch.; ἀντιδιδόναι Thuc.; ἀποδιδόναι Plat.: —χ. ἀποστερεῖν to withhold "a return" for what one has received, Plat.
IV. "a gratification, delight", τινός "in or from" a thing, Pind., Eur., etc.
V. δαιμόνων χάρις "homage due" to them, their "worship, majesty", Aesch.; so, ὅρκων χ. Eur.; εὐκταία χ. "an offering" in consequence of a vow, Aesch.
VI. Special usages:
1. acc. sg. as adv., χ. τινός "in" any one's "favour, for" his "pleasure, for" his "sake", χάριν Ἕκτορος Il.; γλώσσης χάριν "for" one's tongue's pleasure, i. e. "for" talking's "sake", Hes.:—then much like a prep., Lat. gratia, causa, for the sake of, on account of, τοῦ χάριν; for what "reason?" Ar.; so, ἐμὴν χάριν, σὴν χάριν for my, thy "pleasure or sake", Lat. mea, tua gratia, Aesch., Eur.:—also, χάριν τινός "as far as regards, as to", ἔπους σμικροῦ χ. Soph.
2. with Preps., εἰς χάριν τινός "to do" one "a pleasure", Thuc.; οὐδὲν εἰς χ. πράσσειν Soph.:— πρὸς χάριν πράσσειν τι id=Soph.; πρὸς χάριν λέγειν Eur., etc.; πρὸς χάριν βορᾶς "for the sake" of my flesh, "for the pleasure of devouring" it, Soph.:— πρὸς χάριν alone, "as a favour, freely", to their "heart's content", id=Soph.:— ἐν χάριτι "for" one's "gratification, pleasure", ἐν χάριτι διδόναι or ποιεῖν τινί τι Xen., Plat.:— διὰ χαρίτων εἶναι or γίγνεσθαί τινι to be "on terms of friendship or mutual favour" with one, Xen.
B. Χάρις, ιτος, ἡ, as a mythological pr. n., "Charis", wife of Hephaestus, Il.
2. mostly in pl. Χάριτες, αἱ, "the Charites or Graces", Lat. Gratiae, who confer all grace, even the favour of Victory in the games, Pind.:—in Hom. their number is undefined; Hes. first reduced them to three, "Aglaia, Euphrosyne, Thalia."