PEA, noun [Latin pisum.] A plant and its fruit of the genus Pisum, of many varieties. This plant has a papilionaceous flower, and the pericarp is a legume, called in popular language a pod. In the plural, we write peas, for two or more individual seeds, but pease, for an indefinite number in quantity of bulk. We write two, three or four peas, but a bushel of pease. [This practice is arbitrary.]
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Webster's Dictionary 1828
American Dictionary of the English Language, Noah Webster, 1828.