ἄρχων
Etym. part. of ἄρχω
1. "a ruler, commander, chief, captain", Hdt., Aesch., etc.
2. Ἄρχοντες, οἱ, "the chief magistrates at Athens", nine in number, the first being ὁ Ἄρχων or Ἄρχων ἐπώνυμος, the second ὁ Βασιλεύς, the third ὁ Πολέμαρχος, the remaining six οἱ Θεσμοθέται.
3. title of "the chief magistrates" in other places, as the Ephors at Sparta, Hdt.