πήγνυμι
Etym. πέπηγα is generally used as perf. pass.
Radical sense, "to make fast"; intr. and Pass. to be solid:
I. "to stick or fix in", ἐν δὲ μετώπωι πῆξε [τὴν αἰχμήν] Il.; π. ἐπὶ τύμβωι ἐρετμόν Od.:— "to fix in the earth, plant", Soph.; σκηνὴν π. to "pitch" a tent, Plat.; (so Mid., σκηνὰς πήξασθαι "to pitch their" tents, Hdt.):—intr. perf. and Pass., δόρυ δ᾽ ἐν κραδίηι ἐπεπήγει the spear "stuck fast" in his heart, Il.; ὀϊστοὶ πῆχθεν ἐν χροΐ id=Il.; [ξίφος] πέπηγεν ἐν γῆι Soph.
2. "to stick or fix on", κεφαλὴν ἀνὰ σκολόπεσσι π. "to stick" the head "on" stakes, Il., etc.: —Pass., πηχθέντας μέλη ὀβελοῖσι "having their" limbs "fixed" on spits, Eur.; παγέντες "impaled", Aesch.
3. "to fix" the eyes "upon" an object, κατὰ χθονὸς ὄμματα π. Il.; ὄμματα πέπηγε πρός τι Plat.
II. "to fasten together, construct, build", νῆας πῆξαι Il.; so Mid., ἄμαξαν πήξασθαι "to build oneself" a wagon, Hes.
III. "to make solid, stiff, hard", of liquids, "to freeze", θεὸς πήγνυσι πᾶν ῥέεθρον Aesch.; ἔπηξε (sc. ὁ θεὸς) τοὺς ποταμούς Ar.:—intr. perf. and Pass. "to become solid, stiff or hard", γοῦνα πήγνυται the limbs "stiffen", Il.; of liquids, "to become congealed, freeze", Hdt.; ἅλες πήγνυνται the salt "crystallises", id=Hdt.; κρύσταλλος ἐπεπήγει οὐ βέβαιος "was" not "frozen" strong, Thuc.
IV. metaph. "to fix", Lat. pangere foedus, intr. perf. and Pass. "to be irrevocably fixed, established", εἷς ὅρος ἡμῖν παγήσεται id=Thuc.; μὴ γὰρ ὡς θεῶι νομίζετ᾽ ἐκείνωι τὰ παρόντα πεπηγέναι πράγματα ἀθάνατα Dem.