κακός
Alt. κα^κός, ή, όν
"bad", Lat. malus:
I. of persons,
1. opp. to καλός, "mean, ugly", Il.
2. opp. to ἀγαθός, ἐσθλός, "ill-born, mean, ignoble", Hom., Soph.
3. "craven, cowardly, base", Hom., Hdt., attic
4. "bad" of his kind, i. e. "worthless, sorry, poor", κ. ἀλήτης "a sorry" beggar, Od.; κ. ἰατρός Aesch.; κ. ναύτης Eur.; πάντα κακός "bad" in all things, Od.; κακὸς γνώμην Soph.;— c. inf., κακὸς μανθάνειν "bad" at learning, id=Soph.
5. in moral sense, "bad, evil, wicked", Od., attic
II. of death, disease, etc., "bad, evil, baneful", Hom., attic; of omens, "bad, unlucky", attic; of words, "evil, abusive", Soph.; κ. ποιμήν, i. e. the storm, Aesch.
B. κακόν, and κακά, τά, as Subst. "evil, ill", Od., Hdt., etc.; δυοῖν ἀποκρίνας κακοῖν having chosen the least of two "evils", Soph.:— κακόν τι ἔρδειν or ῥέζειν τινά to do "evil or ill" to any one, Il.; κακὸν (or κακὰ) ποιεῖν τινά attic; κακὰ κακῶν ῀ τὰ κάκιστα, Soph.
2. kaka/, ta/, also "evil words, reproaches", Hdt., Trag.
C. degrees of Comparison:
1. regul. comp. κακώτερος Od., Theocr.; but never in attic:—irreg. κακίων, ον, [ with ι^], Hom., [with ι_], attic
2. Sup. κάκιστος, Hom., etc.:—but χείρων, χείριστος, and ἥσσων, ἥκιστος, are also used as comp. and Sup.
D. adv. κακῶς, Lat. male, ill, Il., etc.:— κακῶς ποιεῖν τινα to treat one "ill;" κακῶς ποιεῖν τινά τι to do one any "evil", attic; κακῶς πράσσειν to fare "ill", Aesch.; κακῶς πάσχειν id=Aesch.; κακῶς γίγνεταί τινι Hdt.; κακῶς ἐκπέφευγα, Lat. vix demum effugi, Dem.:—comp. κάκιον, Hdt., attic: Sup. κάκιστα, Ar., etc.
E. in Compos., when added to words "already signifying something bad", it increases this property, as in κακο-πινής: but added to words "signifying something good", it implies too little of this property, as in κακό-δοξος. Once or twice it stands merely as an adj. agreeing with the Subst. with which it is compounded, as Κακοΐλιος for κακὴ Ἴλιος, κακόνυμφος for κακὸς νυμφίος.