καλός
Alt. καλός, ή, όν
I. "beautiful, beauteous, fair", Lat. pulcher, of outward form, Hom., etc.; καλὸς δέμας "beautiful" of form, Od.; so, εἶδος κάλλιστος Xen.; καλὸς τὸ σῶμα id=Xen.; c. inf., κ. εἰσοράασθαι Hom.
2. τὸ καλόν, like κάλλος, "beauty", Eur., etc.: τὰ καλά "the decencies, proprieties, elegancies" of life, Hdt., etc.
II. in reference to use, "beautiful, fair, good", κ. λιμήν Od.; καλὸς εἴς τι Xen.; πρός τι Plat.; c. inf., κάλλιστος τρέχειν Xen.;—esp. in the foll. phrases, ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] "in a good" place, Thuc.; ἐν καλῷ τοῦ κόλπου, τῆς πόλεως Xen.; ἐν κ. (sub. χρόνῳ), "in good time, in season", Eur.:—so, καλόν ἐστι, c. inf., Soph.
2. of sacrifices, "good, auspicious", Aesch., etc.
III. in moral sense, "beautiful, noble", καλόν [ἐστι] c. inf., Hom., etc.; καλὰ ἔργματα "noble" deeds, Pind., etc.
2. τὸ καλόν "moral beauty, virtue", opp. to τὸ αἰσχρόν (Cicero's "honestum" and "turpe"), Xen., Plat.
IV. in attic not seldom ironically, like Lat. praeclarus, admirable, specious, fair, κ. γὰρ οὑμὸς βίοτος, ὥστε θαυμάσαι Soph.; μετ᾽ ὀνομάτων καλῶν Thuc.
B. Degrees of comp.: comp. καλλίων (short ι) ον, Sup. κάλλιστος, η, ον, Hom., etc.
C. adv.:— καλόν as adv., καλὸν ἀείδειν, etc., Hom.; so καλά Il.; τὸ καλόν Theocr.
II. regul. adv. καλῶς, mostly in moral sense, "well, rightly", Od.; καλῶς ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc., Soph., etc.; οὐ καλῶς ταρβεῖς id=Soph.; often in phrase καλῶς καὶ εὖ, καλῶς τε καὶ εὖ Plat.
2. of good fortune, "well, happily", κ. πράσσειν ῀ εὖ πρ. to fare "well", Aesch., etc.; κ. ἔχειν to be "well", id=Aesch.; κ. ἔχει, c. inf., 'tis "well" to.., Xen.
3. καλῶς ῀ πάνυ, "right well", κ. ἔξοιδα Soph.; so in comp., κάλλιον εἰδέναι Plat.; and in Sup. κάλλιστα, Soph., etc.
4. κ. ποιῶν, as adv., "rightly, deservedly", Lat. merito, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται Ar.
5. in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker, "well said!" Lat. euge, Eur., Dem.:—but, also, to decline an offer courteously or ironically, "thank you!" Lat. benigne, Ar.; and in Sup., κάλλιστ᾽, ἐπαινῶ id=Ar.
6. ironically, "finely", Lat. belle, Soph., Eur.
D. Quantity: α_ in epic Poets: α^ in attic: in later Poets α^ or α_, as the verse requires.