χαλεπός
Alt. χαλεπός, ή, όν
I. Lat. difficilis:
1. "hard to bear, painful, sore, grievous", Hom., Hdt., attic; [θώρακες] δύσφοροι καὶ χ., of ill-fitting cuirasses, Xen.: τὸ χαλεπὸν τοῦ πνεύματος "the severity" of the wind, id=Xen.; τὰ χαλεπά "hardships, sufferings", id=Xen.
2. "hard to do or deal with, difficult", Ar., Thuc., etc.; χαλεπὸν ὁ βίος life is "a hard thing", Xen.:—c. inf., χαλεπή τοι ἐγὼ ἀντιφέρεσθαι ῀ χαλεπόν ἐστί μοι ἀντιφέρεσθαί σοι, Il.; so, χαλεπὸν δέ τ᾽ ὀρύσσειν [τὸ μῶλυ] Od.; χ. προσπολεμεῖν ὁ βασιλεύς Isocr.:— χαλεπόν [ἐστι], c. inf., 'tis "hard, difficult" to do, Hom.
3. "dangerous", Od., Thuc.
4. of ground, "difficult, rugged", Thuc., Xen.; χ. χωρίον a place "difficult to take", Xen.
II. of persons, "hard to deal with, harsh, severe, stern, strict", Od.; χαλεπώτερος "a more bitter enemy", Thuc.; χαλεπώτατοι "most difficult to deal with, most dangerous or troublesome", id=Thuc.:—of judges, "severe", Hdt., Dem.
2. of "savage" animals, Xen.
3. "ill-tempered, angry, testy", Ar.; ὀργὴν χαλεπός Hdt.
B. adv. χαλεπῶς, "hardly, with difficulty", Lat. aegre, διαγνῶναι χ. ἦν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον 'twas "difficult" to distinguish, Il.; χ. εὑρίσκειν, opp. to ῥᾳδίως μανθάνειν, Isocr.; οὐ or μὴ χαλ. without "much ado", Thuc.
2. "hardly, scarcely", δοκέω χ. ἂν Ἕλληνας Πέρσῃσι μάχεσθαι Hdt.; χ. ἂν πείσαιμι Plat.
3. χ. ἔχει ῀ χαλεπόν ἐστι, Thuc., Xen.
4. "painfully, miserably", χαλεπώτερον, -ώτατα ζῆν Plat.; ἐν τοῖς χαλεπώτατα διάγειν to live "in the utmost misery", Thuc.
II. of persons, "harshly, severely", Eur., Thuc., etc.:— χ. φέρειν τι, like Lat. aegre ferre, Thuc.: often in the phrase χ. ἔχειν, to be "angry", Xen.; χ. ἔχειν τινὶ ἐπί τινι "to be angry with" a person "for" a thing, Dem.; χ. διακεῖσθαι πρός τινα Plat.
2. χ. ἔχειν, also, = Lat. male se habere, id=Plat.