ψυχή
Alt. ψυ_χή, ἡ,
Etym. ψύχω
I. "breath", Lat. anima, esp. as the sign of life, "the life, spirit", Hom., etc.; ψυχή τε μένος τε ψυχή τε καὶ αἰών, ψυχὴ καὶ θυμός Hom.; τὸν δ᾽ ἔλιπε ψυχή, of one swooning, Il.; ψυχὴν παρθέμενος staking or risking one's "life", Od.; so, ἐμὴν ψυχὴν παραβαλλόμενος Il.; περὶ ψυχῆς for one's "life", i. e. to save it, Od.; μάχεσθαι, θέειν περὶ ψυχῆς Hom.; τρέχειν περὶ ψυχῆς Hdt.; ὁ περὶ τῆς ψυχῆς ἀγών the struggle is for "life and death", Soph.; ποινὴν τῆς Αἰσώπου ψυχῆς ἀνελέσθαι to take revenge for "the life" of Aesop, Hdt.; ψυχὴν ἀφιέναι to give up "the ghost", Eur.
2. metaph. "of things dear as life", χρήματα γὰρ ψυχὴ βροτοῖσι Hes.; πᾶσι δ᾽ ἀνθρώποις ψυχὴ τέκν᾽ [ἐστί] Eur.
II. "the departed soul, spirit, ghost", Hom.
2. "the soul or spirit of man", Lat. anima, opp. to σῶμα, Plat., Xen.:— ψυχή τινος, periphr. for the man himself, Soph.; also ψυχαί, "souls", = ἄνθρωποι, Aesch., Ar.:—hence in addressing persons, ὦ μελέα ψυχή Soph.; ὦ ἀγαθὴ καὶ πιστὴ ψ. Xen.; πᾶσα ψυχὴ ὑποτασσέσθω let every "soul" be subject, NTest.
3. "the soul, heart", ψυχὴν ἄριστε Ar.; ἐκ τῆς ψυχῆς with all the "heart", Xen.
4. "appetite", δοῦναί τι τῇ ψυχῇ, like Lat. indulgere animo, Aesch.
III. "the soul, mind, understanding", ψυχὴν οὐκ ἄκρος Hdt.